Language Acquisition 2
HomeFull List of Titles
1: ICSLP'98 Proceedings
Keynote SpeechesText-To-Speech Synthesis 1Spoken Language Models and Dialog 1Prosody and Emotion 1Hidden Markov Model Techniques 1Speaker and Language Recognition 1Multimodal Spoken Language Processing 1Isolated Word RecognitionRobust Speech Processing in Adverse Environments 1Spoken Language Models and Dialog 2Articulatory Modelling 1Talking to Infants, Pets and LoversRobust Speech Processing in Adverse Environments 2Spoken Language Models and Dialog 3Speech Coding 1Articulatory Modelling 2Prosody and Emotion 2Neural Networks, Fuzzy and Evolutionary Methods 1Utterance Verification and Word Spotting 1 / Speaker Adaptation 1Text-To-Speech Synthesis 2Spoken Language Models and Dialog 4Human Speech Perception 1Robust Speech Processing in Adverse Environments 3Speech and Hearing Disorders 1Prosody and Emotion 3Spoken Language Understanding Systems 1Signal Processing and Speech Analysis 1Spoken Language Generation and Translation 1Spoken Language Models and Dialog 5Segmentation, Labelling and Speech Corpora 1Multimodal Spoken Language Processing 2Prosody and Emotion 4Neural Networks, Fuzzy and Evolutionary Methods 2Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition 1Speaker and Language Recognition 2Signal Processing and Speech Analysis 2Prosody and Emotion 5Robust Speech Processing in Adverse Environments 4Segmentation, Labelling and Speech Corpora 2Speech Technology Applications and Human-Machine Interface 1Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition 2Text-To-Speech Synthesis 3Language Acquisition 1Acoustic Phonetics 1Speaker Adaptation 2Speech Coding 2Hidden Markov Model Techniques 2Multilingual Perception and Recognition 1Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition 3Articulatory Modelling 3Language Acquisition 2Speaker and Language Recognition 3Text-To-Speech Synthesis 4Spoken Language Understanding Systems 4Human Speech Perception 2Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition 4Spoken Language Understanding Systems 2Signal Processing and Speech Analysis 3Human Speech Perception 3Speaker Adaptation 3Spoken Language Understanding Systems 3Multimodal Spoken Language Processing 3Acoustic Phonetics 2Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition 5Speech Coding 3Language Acquisition 3 / Multilingual Perception and Recognition 2Segmentation, Labelling and Speech Corpora 3Text-To-Speech Synthesis 5Spoken Language Generation and Translation 2Human Speech Perception 4Robust Speech Processing in Adverse Environments 5Text-To-Speech Synthesis 6Speech Technology Applications and Human-Machine Interface 2Prosody and Emotion 6Hidden Markov Model Techniques 3Speech and Hearing Disorders 2 / Speech Processing for the Speech and Hearing Impaired 1Human Speech ProductionSegmentation, Labelling and Speech Corpora 4Speaker and Language Recognition 4Speech Technology Applications and Human-Machine Interface 3Utterance Verification and Word Spotting 2Large Vocabulary Continuous Speech Recognition 6Neural Networks, Fuzzy and Evolutionary Methods 3Speech Processing for the Speech-Impaired and Hearing-Impaired 2Prosody and Emotion 72: SST Student Day
SST Student Day - Poster Session 1SST Student Day - Poster Session 2Author Index
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Spoken Word Identification by Native and Nonnative Speakers of English: Effects of Training, Modality, Context and Phonetic Environment
Authors:
Debra M. Hardison, University of California, Davis (USA)
Page (NA) Paper number 120
Abstract:
Several experiments explored the contribution of visual information (lip movements) to spoken word identification by Japanese and Korean learners of English, and native speakers (NSs), and its interaction with sentence context, phonetic environment and, for learners, perceptual training (involving /r,l,p,f,theta,s/ using minimal pairs). The gating technique was applied to videotaped stimuli presented audiovisually (AV) or audio(A)-only to both groups. Stimuli were familiar, bisyllabic words beginning with the following visual categories: bilabial (/p/), labiodental (/f/), /r/, /l/, and nonlabials (/s,t,k/) combined with high, low and rounded vowels. Test (pretest--posttest), initial consonant-vowel (CV) sequence, modality of presentation (AV vs. A), and condition (context or excised word) were independent variables. Groups of NSs were presented with the same stimuli. NNS results revealed word identification was significantly earlier after perceptual training, in AV vs. A-only presentation, in context vs. excised word condition, and varied significantly with initial CV sequence. NS results also revealed significant effects of modality (earlier identification in AV vs. A-only), context, and initial CV sequence. Findings indicate the transfer of perceptual training from segment identification to the process of word identification in connected speech, and are consistent with a multiple-trace model of spoken language processing incorporating visual input.
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The Effect Of Background Knowledge On First And Second Language Comprehension Difficulty
Authors:
Michael D. Tyler, University of New South Wales (Australia)
Page (NA) Paper number 833
Abstract:
First and proficient second language users listened to a passage while concurrently performing a calculation verification task. The number of correct calculations achieved in the dual-task was compared to a single-task condition to index difficulty of language comprehension. Access to background knowledge was manipulated between participants by the presentation of a topic sentence. The difference between first and second language comprehension difficulty was greater when background knowledge was unavailable than when it was available. As each participant relied solely upon information from the speech signal for comprehension when the topic of the passage was not provided, it was concluded that the processes involved in decoding the speech signal generally consume more resources in second language than first language users.
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Comparison of Cross-language Coarticulation: English, Japanese and Japanese-accented English
Authors:
Kimiko Tsukada, SHLRC, School of English, Linguistics and Media, Macquarie University (Australia)
Page (NA) Paper number 96
Abstract:
This study investigates the cross-language coarticulation patterns in Australian English and Japanese. F2 trajectories between the vowel target and vowel onset/offset in the context of /d/ were plotted and locus equations were fitted to the datapoints to capture the degree of coarticulation. Three talker groups were considered: native talkers of Australian English (AE), L2 English talkers (L1 Japanese, hence, JE) and native Japanese talkers (J). Two native groups AE and J clearly showed different coarticulation patterns between the alveolar stop and the adjacent vowels. There was some suggestion that /d/ is most resistant to coarticulation in AE, least in J, while JE talkers produced intermediate coarticulation values. The deviation of JE talkers' F2 trajectories from the AE group appeared more pronounced at the vowel offset than at the onset. Differences in coarticulatory patterns between native and L2 talkers may contribute to the perception of 'foreign (Japanese) accent' in the JE production.
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Plasticity Of Non-Native Phonetic Perception And Production: A Training Study
Authors:
Satoshi Imaizumi, University of Tokyo (Japan)
Hidemi Itoh, Tohoku University (Japan)
Yuji Tamekawa, University of Tokyo (Japan)
Toshisada Deguchi, Tokyo Gakugei University (Japan)
Koichi Mori, National Rehabilitation Research Center (Japan)
Page (NA) Paper number 432
Abstract:
Audiovisual perceptual training of non-native phonetic contrasts was conducted for 10 naive Japanese adults using audiovisual recordings of 13 native English speakers articulating 90 rl minimal word pairs, and analyzed changes in perceptual and articulatory representations of non-native phonetic contrasts. The speech identification score drastically improved during the training. The improvement in non-native rl perceptual distinction was clearly associated with the changes in the perceptual and articulatory representations, which represents perceptual/ articulatory dissimilarities between the non-native and native phonemes as maps created using a multi-dimensional scaling analysis (MDS). Results suggested that the new non-native phonetic categories can be acquired through proper training even in adulthood so that distances among exemplars within each of the acquired categories shrunk and distances between the categories stretch considerably compared to those of pretraining stage in the perceptual and articulatory representations.
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The Relation Between Perceptual and Production Categories in Acquisition
Authors:
Ian Watson, University of Oxford (U.K.)
Page (NA) Paper number 1085
Abstract:
Results from two experiments on acquisition of the word initial voicing contrast are compared, one on perception, one on production. Both involved monolingual and bilingual (French/English) subjects. Monolinguals are shown to have frequent disparities between their use of parameters in production and perception. Furthermore, bilingualism is found to affect subjects' production and their perception differentially, in a way which suggests that there cannot be isomorphism between their production and perceptual representations. However, the ongoing interference between the phonetic categories in bilinguals' two languages also argues that at the phonological level there is identity between cognates in their two languages. This pattern of phonological identity but phonetic difference is taken as support for models of speech processing in which distinct representations are attributed to phonology and phonetics, and to production and perception.
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The Development of Perceptual Cue-Weighting in Children Aged 6 to 12
Authors:
Valerie Hazan, University College London (U.K.)
Sarah Barrett, University College London (U.K.)
Page (NA) Paper number 488
Abstract:
Development in the ability to categorise a range of phonemic contrasts was examined in 85 children aged 6 to 12 and thirteen adults using synthetic continua presented in identification tests. This study aimed to investigate: (1) whether there would be age effects in the sharpness of categorisation; (2) whether sharpness of categorisation would differ across phonemic contrasts and (3) whether children aged 6 or more would give greater perceptual weighting than adults to acoustic cues characterised by rapid spectral change. Significant differences in identification function gradients were found between the 6;0-7;6 year olds and children aged 9;6 to 12;6, and between all children and adults. Sharper identification function gradients were obtained for stop place and voicing contrasts than for fricative place and voicing contrasts. There was no strong support for the view that children aged 6 or older gave greater weight to dynamic cues than adults.