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The articulatory variability of the Standard German (voiceless) dorsal fricative /x/ - surfacing as [c ], [x] or [÷ ] depending on the position within the syllable and the vowel context (cf. [2, 3]) - is analysed by using electropalatographic and electromagnetic articulographic as well as averaged spectral data. The results are compared to those for the coronal fricatives and the velar plosive in German.
A0325.pdf
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This study examines both the nature and relative timing of the component gestures of click consonants in IsiZulu, a Bantu language of the Nguni cluster, spoken in South Africa. Differences between the three click types in the timing and rate of rarefaction reflect coproduction differences between their gestures. Coarticulation with adjacent vowels is illustrated by its effect on the rarefaction rate for the alveolar click type. Results thus far show that multigestural segments can coarticulate with adjacent segments despite claims to the contrary [5].
A0927.pdf
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The vowel quality in some diphthongs of Swabian (an upper german dialect) was determined by measurement of first and second formant values. A minimal contrast could be shown between two different diphthong qualities /Ae/ and /«i/, where for Standard German only one is assumed, viz. /ai/. The two diphthong qualities differ only slightly in onset and offset vowel quality, so a better understanding of their relationship was expected from an examination of their dynamic aspects. Our preliminary results suggest that there is indeed a difference in the temporal structure of the two diphthongs.
A0945.pdf
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This poster presents an analysis of speech articulator movements in Greenlandic speech to test the possible universality of results previously obtained from English, Arabic, Swedish and Bulgarian. Greenlandic is particularly interesting in this context because it is completely unrelated to Indo-European languages and because it offers articulations unfamiliar to speakers of European languages, such as uvular consonants and uvularization of vowels.
A0959.pdf
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This study examined perception of multiple coronal places of articulation by native listeners of Western Arrernte. Three main findings emerged. 1) Coronal nasals and laterals are as perceptually robust as coronal stops. 2) Across manners of articulation, apical alveolars are less perceptually robust than other coronals. 3) Formant transitions from a preceding vowel are necessary to correctly identify apical alveolars and apical postalveolars. Acoustic analysis shows the importance of cues on the preceding vowel side for apical postalveolars, and on the following vowel side for laminal palatoalveolars. Laminal dentals have statistically distinguishable cues on both sides of the segment. Apical alveolars are hardest to characterize acoustically, and may be perceived by default. Low perceptibility of apical alveolars may be a reason for low functional load of the apical contrast. Result 3 corroborates Steriade's idea that contrasts "must be licensed by the presence of their cues." [4]
A1046.pdf
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The low F3 of American English /r/ (typical range 1300-1900 Hz) is accompanied articulatorily by constrictions in the pharyngeal, palatal and labial regions. Because acoustical theory predicts that formants will lower at points of maximum volume velocity in the vocal tract, and because such points occur in the pharyngeal, palatal and labial regions, many investigators have speculated that the combination of these constrictions accounts for the low F3 of /r/. In this paper, we use the Maeda vocal tract modelling software to compare theoretical predictions of constriction location to data gathered from two American English speakers via Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). We conclude that additional mechanisms are required to explain the acoustics of American English /r/.
A1202.pdf
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