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Speech and Audio Compression: Techniques and Applicationsby Peter Kroon and Deepen SinhaCurrent trends in both audio and speech coding indicate a convergence taking place between these two fields. This tutorial describes basic principles such as characteristics of the auditory system, noise shaping, and source properties. We present techniques available for signal compression: time/frequency representations, scalar and vector quantizations, adaptive bit allocation, and variable-rate coding. We compare recent coding standards (MPEG, AC-3, PAC, ITU-T G.723.1 and G.729) as well as cellular standards. Coder/Decoder tradeoffs such as end-to-end delay, complexity, and robustness to bit errors and packet losses are considered. This tutorial includes audio examples. |
